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Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined
part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.
 

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the
other three in the position of primary stress in each of the following questions.
 

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of
the following questions.
 

Question 5: Bodies of .............. dead in the tragic accident yesterday were taken away.
A. the

B. a

C. an

D. Ø
 

Question 6: If you .............. English in everyday conversations, you’ll speak it fluently.
A. use

B. will use

C. would use

D. used
 

Question 7: John could not talk to you when you phoned him yesterday as he .............. a bath.
A. took

B. had taken

C. was taking

D. would take
 

Question 8: Her eyes are red and puffy .............. she has been crying a lot.
A. although

B. since

C. because of

D. despite
 

Question 9: Jonas worked really hard throughout the term, so it was not merely .............. chance that he got straight A’s.
A. off

B. from

C. by

D. in
 

Question 10: .............. toward shore, its shape is changed by its collision with the shallow sea bottom.
A. During a wave rolls

B. As a wave rolls

C. A wave rolls

D. A wave’s rolling
 

Question 11: .............. with the size of the whole earth, the highest mountain does not seem high at all.
A. When compared

B. On comparing

C. Having compared

D. To compare
 

Question 12: Most teachers tend to detest .............. during classes.
A. interrupting

B. being interrupted

C. to interrupt

D. to be interrupted
 

Question 13: Although Ariel arrived .............., we made her welcome just the same as everyone else.
A. expect

B. unexpectedly

C. unexpected

D. expectation
 

Question 14: Please .............. the milk carefully; I don’t want it to boil over.
A. look at

B. notice

C. watch

D. examine
 

Question 15: These days, housework has been made much easier by electrical ...............
A. machinery

B. appliances

C. instruments

D. equipment
 

Question 16: The island where these rare birds nest has been declared a(n) .............. where poaching is prohibited.
A. observation

B. reservation

C. preservation

D. conservation
 

Question 17: The play is quite suitable for children to see as there is nothing .............. in it.
A. exceptional

B. excessive

C. exceptionable

D. offended
 

Question 18: .............. drugs are highly addictive and can have unpredictable side effects.
A. Designer

B. Maker

C. Composer

D. Mixer

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in
meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
 

Question 19: Cows with newly born calves often show a strong urge to protect their helpless young.
A. desire

B. reaction

C. thought

D. decision

Question 20: All visitors are told to watch out for pickpockets in public places.
A. take care of

B. look for

C. pay attention to

D. beware of

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the OPPOSITE in meaning to
the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
 

Question 21: Various programs have been designed in order to facilitate the storage and analysis of research data.
A. ease

B. hinder

C. speed

D. destroy

Question 22: It seems that the deal was made behind closed doors as no one had any clue about it.
A. secretly

B. daily

C. transparently

D. frankly

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best completes each of the following exchanges.
 

Question 23: Mike and Laura are talking about their plan for the weekend.
- Mike: “I promise to go shopping with you if you help me with the housework.”
- Laura: “.............. You are the last person to keep a promise.”
A. Come off it!

B. That’s great!

C. How come?

D. I hate to differ.

Question 24: Laura and Mitchell are talking about their class monitor, Susie.
- Laura: "You know, Susie’s father is very rich."
- Mitchell: ".............. She wouldn’t accept his help even if it were offered."
A. What for?

B. No wonder.

C. So what?

D. No doubt.

Read the following passage and mark the letter Ay B, C, or D on your answer sheet to
indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 25 to 29.
 

Why do some people take revenge on others? Why aren’t we able to sort out our problems
without seeking to get (25) .............. with those who have hurt us? Apparently, we are (26) .............. experiencing a deeply rooted part of human nature. Our desire for revenge comes from the brain’s limbic system, the most primitive part of the brain and one that we share with all animals. (27) .............., when someone confronts us, we often prefer attacking verbally or physically rather than try to work out a solution together.

However, unlike animals, we also possess a highly evolved cerebral cortex which allows us to plan and analyse – and this can make revenge more than just a(n) (28) .............. reaction. A person who feels they have been wronged may even enjoy planning a creative and appropriate act of revenge. Some people suggest that taking revenge can be seen as a positive move, allowing you to work through your negative emotions. However, it can also be dangerous, and you may risk finding yourself in a situation (29).............. rapidly gets out of hand.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to
indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 30 to 34.

A leading question among anthropologists is: what exactly led to the development of human
cities? Basically, modern humans have existed on earth for over 100,000 years. Yet it is only in the last 8,000 years that they have begun to gather in significant numbers and form cities. Prior to that period, humans existed in small family or tribal groups, generally consisting of fewer than 100 individuals. What, then, led humans to make the dramatic shift from living in small groups to living in large, organized cities? It seems that the development of cities required a particular set of circumstances.
 

First, it required a minimum population density. For much of their early history, humans existed only in small numbers. This is due to the fact that early humans relied on hunting and gathering wild foods for their survival. Even the most fertile land would only support a relatively small number of predators, so it was not until humans began to practice agriculture that they were able to gather in large enough numbers to form cities.

Furthermore, the development of a city could only be possible if a large number of people shared a common language, culture and religion. Without such unifying factors, a cooperative, peaceful existence among large numbers of people would have been impossible. Finally, it seems that early humans needed to be faced with a large problem, which one small group of individuals could not solve on its own. Only when large-scale cooperation was needed to overcome a problem would humans come together to form cities.
 

Question 30: What is the passage mainly about?
A. Factors bringing about the development of human cities
B. How population density affects the development of human cities
C. Why a shared language makes a peaceful human city
D. Problems solved by cooperation of a large group
 

Question 31: The word "circumstances" in paragraph 1 mostly means ...............
A. conditions

B. preparations

C. examples

D. events
 

Question 32: The word "they" in paragraph 2 refers to ...............
A. predators

B. humans

C. cities

D. foods
 

Question 33: Which of the following enabled people to live together in peace?
A. A large area of fertile land
B. A shared belief and value
C. A large and complicated problem
D. A group with a minimal number of members
 

Question 34: Which of the following is NOT needed for the development of a city?
A. a shared culture

B. people’s gathering
C. peaceful existence

D. large-scale collaboration
 

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to
indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 35 to 42.
 

Nature has always provided a stimulus for inventive minds. Early flying machines clearly were an attempt to emulate the freedom of birds. Architects and engineers have often consciously modeled buildings on forms found in nature. A more recent example of the inspiration given by nature is the invention of Velcro®. The inventor of this now common fastening device noticed that small burrs attached to his dog's coat grasped the hairs by means of tiny hooks. This led him to invent a synthetic fabric whose surfaces mimic the clasping properties of this natural seedpod.

Animals and plants have evolved solutions to the kinds of problems that often interest engineers and designers. Much current research in material science is concerned with actively examining the natural world, especially at the molecular level, for inspiration to develop materials with novel properties. This relatively new field of study is sometimes known as biomimetics, since it consciously attempts to mimic nature.
 

Researchers have investigated several interesting areas. For example, they have studied how the molecular structure of antler bone contributes to its amazing toughness, how the skin structure of a worm contributes to its ability to crawl, how the sea cucumber softens its skeleton and changes shape so that it can squeeze through tiny gaps in rocks, or what gives wood its high resistance to impact. These investigations have led to several breakthroughs in the development of composite materials with remarkable properties.

Predictions for future inventions that may be developed from these lines of research include so-called smart structures that design and repair themselves in a similar way to a variety of processes in the natural world. For example, engineers have envisaged bridges that would detect areas heavily stressed by vehicle movement or wind. The bridge structure would then automatically add or move material to the weak areas until the stress is reduced. The same principle might be used to repair damaged buildings. Other new materials that have been imagined are substances that would copy photosynthesis in green plants in order to create new energy sources. The potential impact of biomimetic research is so great that the twenty-first century may come to be known as the "Age of Materials."
 

Question 35: The passage is primarily concerned with ...............
A. future research into the uses of Velcro®
B. the effect of the Age of Materials on nature
C. the development of products based on nature
D. problems that preoccupy designers and engineers
 

Question 36: The word “emulate” in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ...............
A. stimulate

B. captivate

C. imitate

D. activate
 

Question 37: Which of the following is true about Velcro®?
A. It was first used to remove dog hair from the owner’s coat.
B. It exemplifies how a natural structure inspired a useful invention.
C. The inventor of Velcro® was very famous before his invention.
D. It has set a trend for tiny hooklike structures in synthetic fabric.
 

Question 38:The word “novel” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ...............
A. unique

B. familiar

C. fictitious

D. legendary
 

Question 39:Which of the following does the word “it” in paragraph 3 refer to?
A. sea cucumber

B. skeleton

C. shape

D. worm
 

Question 40: According to the passage, what do investigations in biomimetics suggest?
A. Biomimetics is not promising.
B. Biomimetics may lead to the development of new creatures.
C. Biomimetics may lead to useful inventions.
D. Biomimetics has provided the new material for smart structures.
 

Question 41: According to the passage, which of the following would NOT be a useful biomimetic product?
A. Tomatoes mimicking the structures that give sea cucumbers the ability to squeeze through
cracks
B. Bulletproof jackets mimicking the structures that give wood its resistance to impact
C. Glass in windshields mimicking the structures that give antler bone its toughness
D. Cables mimicking the structures that give spiderwebs their flexibility and tensile strength
 

Question 42: As inferred from the passage, what would be the advantage of a product that mimics photosynthesis?
A. It could be used to create green plants.
B. It could help to meet future energy needs.
C. It could be an aid in repairing green areas.
D. It could form the basis of twenty-first century materials.
 

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs
correction in each of the following questions.
 

Question 43: Playing video games may distract often students from schoolwork.
A. Playing

B. games

C. distract often

D. schoolwork
 

Question 44: A scientific principle has a life expectancy of approximately a decade before it drastically revised or replaced by newer information.
A. expectancy

B. approximately

C. drastically revised

D. newer
 

Question 45: At first John was quite bewildered when taking over the factory but he soon ensured himself that things would go well soon.
A. quite bewildered

B. taking over

C. ensured himself

D. would go well

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in
meaning to each of the following questions.
 

Question 46: Janet speaks English better than Daisy.
A. Janet does not speak English as well as Daisy.
B. Daisy speaks English better than Janet.
C. Janet is a better speaker of English than Daisy.
D. Daisy and Janet are not so good at speaking English.
 

Question 47:"I would be grateful if you did the work" he said to me.
A. He politely asked me to do the work.
B. He praised me because I did the work.
C. He thanked me for doing the work.
D. He felt thankful to me because I did the work.
 

Question 48: It wasn't obligatory to submit my assignment today.
A. I must have submitted my assignment today.
B. I needn't have submitted my assignment today.
C. I could have submitted my assignmenttoday.
D. I shouldn’t have submitted my assignment today.
 

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the following questions.
 

Question 49: The boss scolded Laura for that minor mistake. He now feels really bad about it.
A. The boss wishes he did not scold Laurafor that minor mistake.
B. The boss wishes Laura had not made that minor mistake.
C. If only the boss had not scolded Laura for that minor mistake.
D. The boss regretted to scold Laurafor that minor mistake.
 

Question 50: Olga was about to say something about the end of the movie. He was stopped by his friends right then.
A. Hardly had Olga intended to say something about the end of the movie before he was stopped by his friends.
B. Only after Olgahad said something about the end of the movie was he stopped by his friends.
C. Were it not for Olga’s intension of saying something about the end of the movie, he would not be stopped by his friends.
D. It was not until Olga was stopped by his friends that he started to say something about the end of the movie.