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I. LÝ THUYẾT
A) Thì tương lai hoàn thành
1) Khái niệm
Thì tương lai hoàn thành dùng để nói về việc gì đó sẽ hoàn thành hoặc kết thúc vào một thời điểm xác định trong tương lai.
2) Công thức thì tương lai hoàn thành
| ( + ): S + will + have + VpII +... |
I'll have finished cooking dinner by the time you come home. |
| ( - ): S + will + not + have + VpII +... |
He has not/ hasn’t eaten what she cooked. |
|
( ? ): Will + S + have + VpII +… ? Yes, S + will. No, S + won't. |
Will James have saved enough money by the end of next month? Yes, he will./ No, he won’t. |
3) Cách sử dụng thì tương lai hoàn thành
► Thì tương lai hoàn thành được sử dụng để nói về điều sẽ được hoàn tất tính tới một thời điểm cụ thể trong tương lai.
Ví dụ: I’ll have finished cooking dinner by the time you come home.
(Tôi sẽ nấu xong bữa tối cho đến lúc bạn trở về nhà)
► Thì hiện tại hoàn thành hoặc hiện tại đơn được sử dụng để thay thế cho thì tương lai hoàn thành để diễn đạt sự hoàn tất sau một số liên từ chỉ thời gian: when, as soon as, after, before, until,…
Ví dụ: I’ll phone you when I’ve finished/finish my homework.
(Tôi sẽ gọi cho bạn khi tôi làm xong bài tập.)
4) Dấu hiệu nhận biết thì hiện tại hoàn thành
►Thì tương lai hoàn thành có các dấu hiệu nhận biết như sau:
+ By + thời gian tương lai: by 10 a.m, by tomorrow, by next month, ...
+ By the end of + thời gian trong tương lai: by the end of next week, ...
+ By the time + mệnh đề chia ở thì hiện tại đơn: by the time I get up, ...
+ Before + sự việc/ thời điểm trong tương lai: before 2022, ...
+ Khoảng thời gian + from now: 2 weeks from now, ...
B) So sánh kép
So sánh kép miêu tả nguyên nhân kết quả. Mệnh đề đầu tiên diễn tả nguyên nhân và mệnh đề thứ hai miêu tả kết quả.
Cấu trúc:
1) The + comparative adj/adv + subject + verb, the + comparative adj/adv + subject + verb
Ví dụ: The better your education is, the greater your opportunities are.
(Bạn càng được giáo dục tốt thì cơ hội của bạn càng nhiều).
2) The + more/less + (noun) + subject + verb, the + more/less + (noun) + subject + verb
Ví dụ: The more money he makes, the less free time he has.
(Anh ấy càng kiếm được nhiều tiền thì anh ấy càng có ít thời gian rảnh rỗi.)
II. BÀI TẬP
1) Circle the correct verb form in each sentence.
1. Our rescue centre (has released/will have released) 150 monkeys, deer and bears back into the forests by the end of this week.
2. You may not believe this, but this sea turtle is quite old. It (has lived/will have lived) in this marine park for 40 years. We (will have/will have had) a party to celebrate its birthday tomorrow.
3. Well, next time I see you, I expect you (will be finishing/will have finished) your report on the endangered saola.
4. If you come to see me at 7 o'clock tonight, I (will be watching/will have watched) a documentary about rhinos to prepare for my presentation tomorrow. So, you'd better come after 8. By then the programme (finishes/will have finished).
5. Jill is sick and can't work on her assignment about the blue whale's habitat. So she (hasn't completed /won't have completed) it by Monday. She needs to ask for an extension of the deadline.
ĐÁP ÁN:
| 1. will have released | 2. has lived - will have |
| 3. will have finished | 4. will be watching - will have finished |
| 5. won't have completed |
2) Complete the sentences, using the present perfect or the future perfect.
1. By next summer, our rescue team (save and take in) ............................ hundreds of endangered animals.
2. Look at this cute little bear. It (live) ............................ in the wildlife park for six months, and it'll be released back into the wild next month.
3. If you come to the conference on wildlife protection after 10 a.m., the most interesting presentation (finish) .............................
4. By the end of today, Kim (visit) ............................ all of the animal rescue centres in the city.
5. I'll start writing my essay on protection of endangered species as soon as I (collect) ............................ enough information.
ĐÁP ÁN:
| 1. will have saved and taken in | 2. has lived |
| 3. will have finished | 4. will have visited |
| 5. have collected |
3) Work in pairs. Discuss which word(s) in the box can be used in each gap.
| more | better |
| higher | longer |
1. The ................. time you spend on preparing for the test, the ................. scores you may get.
2. The ................. you practise speaking in your class, the ................. you are at public speaking.
ĐÁP ÁN:
| 1. more/longer - better/higher | 2. more - better |
4) Complete the sentences with the words from the box. One word can be used more than once.
| faster | more | better | greate | warme | higher |
1. The ....................... the pollution becomes, the ....................... animals lose their natural habitats.
2. The ....................... I study about endangered species, the ....................... I worry about their protection.
3. The ....................... the weather gets around the world, the ....................... the polar ice caps will melt.
4. The ....................... effort you make, the ....................... the achievements you may get.
5. The ....................... renewable energy sources we use, the ....................... our living conditions will become.
ĐÁP ÁN:
1. The higher the pollution becomes, the more animals lose their natural habitats.
2. The more I study about endangered species, the more I worry about their protection.
3. The warmer the weather gets around the world, the faster the polar ice caps will melt.
4. The more effort you make, the greater/better/higher achievements you may get.
5. The more renewable energy souces we use, the better our living conditions will become.
